Includes bibliographical references and appendices.

ABSTRACT
Limnology involves the integrated,multidisciplinary scientific research of inlandwaters-reservoirs,lakes,waterways,wetlands, rivers, and groundwater-as aquaticecosystems interconnecting with their drainage basins and the atmosphere.Limnologyinvolves the study of both freshwater and inland saline, or brackish waters,estimated tocomprise approximately 45% of inland surface waters.
This volume advances the understanding of the bio-geophysical components of inlandaquatic ecosystemsof the drainage basin, movements of water through the drainagebasins(running waters),and biogeochemical changes that occur on its way,and withinstanding (lentic)waters.Particular emphasis is placed on observing and analyzingapproaches to ensure the health of these systems.In order to achieve better forecasts ofclimatic and ecological impacts on water systems and functions,conservation modelsmust incorporate limnological tools.
Water plays a central part in the life on the planet. In our use and exploitation ofwater,human beings have had significant anthropogenic induced impacts on aquaticecosystems,They manifest as stressors to the systems, such as in degraded waterquality or loss of biodiversity.Given the significance of inland water systems to ourwellbeing,in particular freshwater systems,limnology is a critical science to understandthe mechanisms of natural systems.Increased understanding allows for more accuratepredictive analysis of the same system under human-induced stressors,and the formationof a toolbox to proactively avoid or manage the changes.