Undergraduate thesis (BS in Biology) -- Foundation University, 2025.

Includes bibliographical references and appendixes.

ABSTRACT
Research on foraging dynamics in captive critically endangered birds remains limited,
as welfare studies have historically focused on mammals, with few conducted in captive-
breeding facilities for birds. This study examined the effects of human-generated environmental
enrichment on the foraging dynamics of the critically endangered Negros Bleeding-heart dove
(Gallicolumba keai) ìn captivity at Bayawan Nature Reserve. High-definition continuous video
camera recordings and a species-specific Ethogram Code Guide were used to monitor five adult
individuals over six weeks (September-November 2025). Captive G. keayi exhibited complex
behaviors categorized as non-functional (stereotypic), foraging, feeding, and social behaviors.
Non-functional behaviors were enhanced in captivity, leading to repetitive foraging and feeding
patterns, while social interactions further restricted foraging efficiency and adaptive skills
relevant to reintroduction programs. Video monitoring provided high-resolution, objective
behavioral data while minimizing observer effects. Tailored environmental enrichment and
cognitive challenges were more effective than generic food-based enrichment in reducing
maladaptive behaviors. Continuous assessment of foraging efficiency and vigilance in ex-situ
settings can inform readiness for reintroduction and improve conservation outcomes.
Keywords: captive, foraging dynamics, behavioral insights, critically endangered, Negros Bleeding-
heart doves, conservation management, Bayawan Nature Reserve, ex-situ conservation